Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2021 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 5 Articles
Cyperus articulatus L. is popularly known as priprioca. Its rhizomes are used as a medicine\nin the treatment of malaria in traditional medicine. Since priprioca oil is extracted for commercial\npurpose, we evaluated if the components from the priprioca residue can be a source of antiplasmodial\nactive molecules. This study aimed to determine the in vitro antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity activities\nof the ethanolic extract of C. articulatus as an in vitro antiplasmodial agent. From the solid residue\nof the plant rhizomes, 40 g samples were removed and subjected to hot extraction using a Soxhlet\nextractor. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity was determined using the W2 and 3D7 strains of\nP. falciparum. The phytochemical study identified the following main compounds: corymbolone\n(14.25%), cyclocolorenone (9.75%), and cadalene............................
Nootropics are a smart drug that enhances cognition and memory and facilitates learning. Disorders like Alzheimer's disease, Fronto-temporal Dementia, Huntington's disease, Lewy Body Dementia, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Vascular Dementia etc. these are the main cause of memory disabilities. Traditional system of herbal medicinal plants has been used to improve memory and cognitive function and to treat neurodegenerative diseases. The objective of present study was to evaluate the nootropic effect of isoflavonoid rich fraction of Solanum torvum seeds in mice. Nootropic effects of combination of sildenafil and IRF of STME was evaluated in different learning and memory paradigm viz. Elevated plus maze and Morris water maze. Isolation and Identification of IRF of STME from Solanum torvum seeds by different analytical techniques. Moreover, monoamines mediated behaviour studied by NaNO2 induced respiratory arrest and influence on central cholinergic activity via estimating the whole brain acetylcholinesterase enzyme and also histopathological examination of brain hippocampus region of all groups in mice. Treatment with Scopolamine significantly decreased memory while STME, IRF of Solanum torvum seeds and their combinations with sildenafil significantly elevated acetylcholine levels in brain through decrease in cholinesterase activity and ultimately improved memory of mice than methanolic extract of Solanum torvum seeds and monotherapies. Overall, the study outcomes suggest the significant memory enhancement with the sildenafil and IRF of STME combination treatment....
The grains of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) are traditionally consumed on a\ndaily basis and are used in the preparation of diverse processed foods owing to the high concentration\nof rutin, an antioxidant compound. However, rutin is highly concentrated in hull and bran, but not\nin edible flour fractions. Rutin-enriched TB flour extracts (TBFEs) were obtained by hydrothermal\ntreatment (autoclaving, boiling, or steaming) and their pharmacokinetic profiles were evaluated\nfollowing a single-dose oral administration in rats. The antioxidant and protective activities of the\nextracts against alcoholic liver disease (ALD) were investigated after repetitive oral administration of\nTBFEs for 28 days prior to ethanol ingestion. The results demonstrated that rutin-enriched TBFEs\nhad better oral absorption and was retained longer in the bloodstream than native TBFE or standard\nrutin. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and intracellular antioxidant levels increased in ALD\nrats following TBFE treatments, especially following the administration of rutin-enriched TBFEs.\nThe antioxidant activity of TBFEs consequently contributed toward protecting the liver against injury\ncaused by repetitive ethanol administration, as confirmed by analyzing relative liver weight, liver\ninjury markers, lipid peroxidation, and calcium permeability. These results suggest the promising\npotential of TBFEs as antioxidant-enriched functional foods for human health....
Background and aim: Hepatorenal toxicity is a very common ailment with\nresultant deleterious burden on the overall body systems and high mortality\nrate. Although myriads of drug agents are in circulation, its medical management\nis still inadequate as no effective treatment which inhibits disease\nprogression and complications, has been synthesized yet. Therefore, this\nstudy focused on the potentials of Kigelia africana ethanolic leaf extract\n(KAELE) in preventing hepatorenal toxicity using CCl4 model of toxicity in\nrats. Method: KAELE was subjected to phytochemical screening. Following\ntwo-week acclimatization, thirty-six (N = 36) adult male Wistar rats were\ngrouped into six consisting of six animals each (n = 6). Group I was given\ndistilled water as control while groups II to VI received silymarin (100\nmg/kg), CCl4 (1 ml/kg), KAELE (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) respectively.\nAll groups pre-treated with silymarin and Kigelia africana ethanol\nleaf extract lasted for a period of fourteen (14) days using a gastric tube. CCl4\nwas administered intraperitoneally to groups II, III, IV, V and VI 48 hours\nafter the last pretreatment on day 14. Post treatment, animals were sacrificed\nand the blood obtained and sera used for biochemical analysis while the tissues\nfor histological evaluations. Results : The phytochemical tests revealed\nthe presence of flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, glycosides,...........................
The decreased hepatic drug metabolism (predominately first phase) is one of the essential\nreasons for numerous side effects and for increased drug toxicity during influenza virus infection (IVI).\nThe present study aims to investigate some mechanisms of the preventive effect of a standardized\npolyphenol complex from the medicinal plant Geranium sanguineum L. (PPhC) (10 mg/kg nasally).\nAverified experimental model of IVIA/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) (4.5 lg LD50) in male ICR (Institute of Cancer\nResearch, USA) mice was used. Changes in hepatic monooxygenase activities as well as nicotinamide\nadenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-cytochrome C reductase activity and cytochtome P450\ncontent were studied on days 2, 6, 9, 21 of the infection together with thiobarbituric acid reactive\nsubstances in the liver supernatant. Our data clearly demonstrates that IVI affects all components of\nthe electronic chain of cytochrome P-450. N-demethylases and hydroxylases as well as the activity\nof cytochrome C reductase and cytochtome P-450 content were decreased in the course of the virus\ninfection. This implies that free radicals play an important role not only in the pathogenesis of IVI,\nbut also in the modulation of the hepatic monooxygenase activity. This is also consistent with the\nestablished polyphenol complex PPhC from the medicinal plant Geranium sanguineum L. preventive\neffect against increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)-levels. PPhC restored most\nof the monooxygenase activities that were inhibited in IVI animals, even over the control levels,\nprobably via multiple mechanisms that may entail antioxidant activity and selective antiviral and\nprotein-binding effects. In contrast to infected animals, in healthy mice, PPhC showed moderate\nreversible inhibitory effect on hepatic monooxygenase activities....
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